Chapotraphouse

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The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat and Norwegian rat, is a widespread, common species of rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown or grey rodent with a body length of up to 28 cm (11 in) long, and a tail slightly shorter than that. It weighs between 140 and 500 g (4.9 and 17.6 oz). Thought to have originated in northern China and neighbouring areas, it has now spread to all continents except Antarctica, and is the dominant rat in Europe and much of North America, having become naturalised across the world. With rare exceptions, the brown rat lives wherever humans live, particularly in urban areas. It is omnivorous, reproduces rapidly, and can be a vector for several human diseases.

Studies of wild rats in New York City have shown that populations living in different neighborhoods can evolve distinct genomic profiles over time, by slowly accruing different traits.

Naming and etymology

The brown rat was originally called the "Hanover rat" by people wishing to link problems in 18th-century England with the House of Hanover. It is not known for certain why the brown rat is named Rattus norvegicus (Norwegian rat), as it did not originate from Norway. However, the English naturalist John Berkenhout, author of the 1769 book Outlines of the Natural History of Great Britain, is most likely responsible for popularizing the misnomer. Berkenhout gave the brown rat the binomial name Mus norvegicus, believing it had migrated to England from Norwegian ships in 1728.

Though the assumptions surrounding this species' origins were not yet the same as modern ones, by the 20th century, it was believed among naturalists that the brown rat did not originate in Norway, rather the species came from central Asia and (likely) China.

Distribution and habitat

Possibly originating from the plains of northern China and Mongolia, the brown rat spread to other parts of the world sometime in the Middle Ages. The question of when brown rats became commensal with humans remains unsettled, but as a species, they have spread and established themselves along routes of human migration and now live almost everywhere humans are.

As it spread from Asia, the brown rat generally displaced the black rat in areas where humans lived. In addition to being larger and more aggressive, the change from wooden structures and thatched roofs to bricked and tiled buildings favored the burrowing brown rats over the arboreal black rats. In addition, brown rats eat a wider variety of foods, and are more resistant to weather extremes.

In the absence of humans, brown rats prefer damp environments, such as river banks.[86] However, the great majority are now linked to man-made environments, such as sewage systems. In addition to sewers, rats are very comfortable living in alleyways and residential buildings, as there is usually a large and continuous food source in those areas.

It is often said that there are as many rats in cities as people, but this is considered an urban myth for most cities. Brown rats in cities tend not to wander extensively, often staying within 20 m (66 ft) of their nest if a suitable concentrated food supply is available, but they will range more widely where food availability is lower. It is difficult to determine the extent of their home range because they do not utilize a whole area but rather use regular runways to get from one location to another. Urban rat research is considered to be challenging due to their significant global population size and spatial distribution patterns. There is great debate over the size of the population of rats in New York City, with estimates from almost 100 million rats to as few as 250,000. Experts suggest that New York is a particularly attractive place for rats because of its aging infrastructure and high poverty rates. In 2023, the city appointed Kathleen Corradi as the first Rat Czar, a position created to address the city's rat population. The position focuses on instituting policies measures to curb the population such as garbage regulation and additional rat trapping. A 2024 study using data from Vancouver found that most municipal complaints about rats were related to garbage, and the rats were often viewed as a symptom of a community issue.

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Lookin for it?

Leave

hentai-free

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A forward from the ANSWER Coalition: https://stoptrumpswars.org/

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bloomer

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I think maybe me and some of the other fans of my team should get together and form some kind of group to go out and inflict violence on those people who like other teams. Hopefully this will discourage them from liking other teams, then those other teams won't have any fans and they'll cease to exist and then only the team I like will remain and they won't play any games anymore and just stand around the pitch doing nothing.

This is very logical behavior.

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Hello everyone, My name is Ghassan Dawoud, and I am a father of three young daughters. Recently, we lost our home completely. Everything we had—our safety, stability, and sense of normal life—was gone in an instant. On top of that, I lost my only source of income, and I can no longer provide even the most basic needs for my daughters. Every day is a struggle to survive. My little girls feel the cold and hunger, and we live in constant fear of losing even more. As a father, it breaks my heart to see them deprived of the most basic parts of childhood: a warm home, enough food, and essential medical care. I am urgently asking anyone who can help to stand with us now. Every donation, no matter how small, will go directly to: Food for my daughters Safe shelter to protect them Clothing they need Basic medical care Even the smallest contribution today can save our lives and make the night less frightening for my daughters. Please donate or share our story here: https://gofund.me/081b51379%E2%81%A0%EF%BF%BD From the bottom of my heart, thank you for your compassion and support during this critical time.

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Hey comrade :) !!!, I just wanted to come back with a small update from the house and say thank you again for all the love, shares and support over the past few days. It really means so much to all of us here.

Because of your kindness the amount has now moved from $689 to $614 remaining and we’re so deeply grateful

We spent part of today going over our travel papers again and making sure nothing important is missing before the flight on 18th April. The closer the date gets, the more real everything starts to feel and honestly it’s a mix of hope and pressure for all of us.

Sitting there with the papers in front of us today really made it hit that this is finally happening after all these years

We’re still working toward the remaining $614 for the required medical vaccinations, vaccine cards, and final travel preparations before the 18th April deadline, since these are mandatory parts of their travel documents.

Thank you so much for continuing to walk with us through this journey. Any support, share or boost still helps bring them closer to this flight and new beginning

Support link is in my profile.

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Video 1

Video 2

He’s been fighting USA, ISIS & Al-Qaeda (redundant??) since 2003

Former art & history professor

Girls want to marry him

Boys want to be him

Iraqi’s call him Rambo

We should stop using the white chad mr chin meme. There are better examples of chadness out there: This guy brought his rifle to a talk show

matt walsh seen this and locked himself in the bathroom I think he cryin rn.

Me: BANG! BANG! BANG! CMON MATT UNLOCK THE DAMN DOOR HE CAN’T HURT YOU!

Matt: we were men once. we hunted the mammoth.

Me: BANG! BANG! BANG! LOL WHATEVER DUDE JUST OPEN THE FKN DOOR I NEED TO BRUSH MY TEETH I’M LATE FOR WORK!

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Heyy comrades !!!, just wanted to share a small hopeful update from the house today and say thank you again for all the love, shares and support over the past few days. It really means so much to all of us here.

Because of your kindness the amount has now moved from $689 to $614 remaining and we’re so deeply grateful

We spent part of today going over their travel document papers again and making sure nothing important is missing before the flight on 18th April. The closer the date gets, the more real everything starts to feel and honestly it’s a mix of hope and pressure for all of us.

Right now, the medical vaccinations and vaccine cards are still one of the biggest urgent things we need to secure before the deadline, since they are required as part of their travel documents.

Sitting there with the papers in front of us today really made it hit that this is finally happening after all these years

We’re still working toward the remaining $614 for the medical vaccinations and final travel preparations.

Thank you so much for continuing to walk with us through this journey. Any support, share or boost still helps bring them closer to this flight and new beginning

Support link is in my profile.

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the FBI runs a dedicated “NSPM-7 Joint Mission Center”; with personnel from 10 federal agencies, it is busy “proactively” identifying domestic terrorists motivated by any of the following beliefs:

“anti-Americanism,”

“anti-capitalism,”

“anti-Christianity,”

“support for the overthrow of the U.S. Government,”

“extremism on migration,”

extremism on “race,”

extremism on “gender,”

“Hostility towards those who hold traditional American views on family,”

Hostility towards those who hold traditional American views on “religion,” and

Hostility towards those who hold traditional views on “morality.”

Sorry, Hexbears, I think you're all going to be on this list.

angry-place

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