Ask Lemmy

Not a water treatment system as those being described in the thread but I have installed and used a water filter in my house to prevent sand and metal deposits to enter my home pipes, as the main is a very old galvanized tube.

It cost around 60€ and the instalation is pretty straigh forward if you are at ease with tools. The kit was composed of a stainless steel cartridge and a clear filter housing. A cartridge lasts about 2 years, more if routinely cleaned, and I had the option of cheaper fabric-like filters, discardable.

The results, for me personally, besides removing the solids, were negligeable but my partner is a water taster and was constantly stating the water tasted better after I installed the filter.

I went to a few stores, asking questions and comparing answers and solutions. I was not in need of a complex system but regardless I was presented with very exaggerated solutions and more basic and down to earth approaches. A serious hurdle I had to face was insisting that the system had to be easily instalable and maintainable by myself; most people tried to convince me to have everything installed by a plumber, no matter how simple the solution was.

Get a water test done first to see what it is you need to target. Not all filters are the same.

You might be fine with a simple 2-stage filter for the home, and an RO filter at your kitchen sink/fridge for your drinking water and ice cubes.

Get an under-sink RO system. 6 stage is the sweet spot imo.

Water went from 750 TDS to 40, and that's with minerals readded with a mineral adding filter. Tastes as good or better than bottled water to me.

If you have hard water, it's true that water softeners can help with other issues in the house (scaling of faucets, dishwasher cleaning I effectively), and possibly if your family has skin issues from showering in it. I thought about it but for simplicity, we're foregoing for now.

It's not a scam if your town/well water is shitty or causes issues.

I don't have one, but many restaurants in my city have them because the city water is hard, and will destroy pipes and equipment. Like, if you ran an espresso machine in my city w/o a filter the machine would clog every other week from mineral build up. So in terms of lowing your plumber and equipment bills it's a very good investment. Often in my city water heater tanks, for example, will last 5-10 years instead of like 20. Also, a lot of people find the hard water in my city unpalatable.

The info about your water should be available through your town or city. The water in my city isn't treated because it's perfectly safe and clean, it just has high mineral content. I have lived in places where the water was treated with softeners because it was too hard, and that has other drawbacks.

If I was building a new home in my same town, I would totally install one because it would pay for itself in the long run. I use a Brita filter and that's good enough for me to clean up the taste, and I do call a plumber to flush my pipes and all that every couple of years to prevent the build up that eats away at them, so that is an ongoing cost I have to eat. And retrofitting a filter system would be stupidly expensive for my building.

city water here.

I installed a modest three stage filter last year.

first stage is particulate, second stage is active carbon, third stage is UV.

we have aging pipes in the area so main breaks happen at least twice a year, not to mention the possibility of lead pipes.

no filter will get you to absolute zero, but the levels of harmful chemicals and biological matter that get through after a good filter will be negligible.

just because you trust your water today, doesn't mean you can trust it tomorrow.

The first thing to do is to pull the water report for your area. For the US, most can be found here. Tap water database.

Prepare yourself because most drinking water has some serious contaminants.

When I learned this, I was stunned. It had never crossed my mind that we would allow one of our most precious resources to be contaminated.

You will see a bunch of people chiming in about how the water is safe, but a few things to note.

There are contaminants in a lot of drinking water that they simply dont regulate. So there can be excessive levels of toxic things in your water but its still identified as safe.

Also what is considered safe levels of contaminants can vary wildly.

The EPA guidelines are factoring in the cost and feasibily of removing contaminants, not just the science.

As far as (carbon based) whole house systems, they can remove chlorine and handle lower levels of PFAS, but beyond that you need to focus on point of use filters. These are typically located under sinks and or refrigerators where you use water for drinking and cooking.

Lastly you have to be very careful when selecting filters. Many vendors will not list NSF certifications. Its also highly advised to request a performance data sheet from the vendors you are considering.

Best of luck.

Get your water tested. That will tell you what’s in YOUR water - including the city treatment, city supply pipes, and even the pipes running into your home. Do your research based off the values you see in those results.

If you do thinks it’s worth getting a filter, install one in the kitchen. That’s where you get your drinking and cooking water from. Not much sense in buying a huge system to treat the water that goes into your shower or toilet or waters your garden.

Yes I've used them. They are worth it. What the EPA says is safe still has stuff you should probably remove.

https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/

Not to mention that treatment plants are not infallible.

Put it together yourself and it's cheap af. The whole system package is the scam.

If her primary concern is drinking water, you can get an under sink RO filter for a couple hundred. They're very easy to install yourself. I've even helped a friend install one connected to their fridge so that the fridge dispenser would taste better. We are on city water that tests well except for microplastics and it sometimes tastes a little bit like soil or musty. The RO systems come with a particulate filter, carbon stage, Reverse Osmosis membrane, and a remineralization stage. RO is the only way to effectively remove microplastics.

Personally, I would consider having a particulate filter and maybe water softener for the whole house. Neither of those should be crazy expensive. The water softener is only if your city water tests hard or if you have mineral buildup on your shower heads or in your dishwasher. If you've done any plumbing work, a particulate filter is pretty easy and affordable to install yourself.

Reverse osmosis for the whole house is simply unnecessary. Install one yourself at the location your family gets their drinking/cooking water.

https://www.mcmaster.com/product/4361K71

This unit from mcmaster carr is what I use. Please be aware that chlorine does damage the RO membrane, so it is important to replace the first two filter stages approximately every 6 months. The fourth stage is recommended to be replaced yearly and the RO stage is supposed to be good for 2 yrs.

https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K81/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K82/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K83/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K84/

Express Water also has some decent under sink and counter top options.

Removing chlorine for the whole home requires a large activated carbon filter. They're pretty expensive and the media gets saturated and has to be replaced every so often to keep absorbing chlorine. I would only do this if your wife has extremely sensitive skin that is getting irritated from your tap water.

Oh and Reverse Osmosis systems waste more water than they clean without expensive recirculating pumps and controllers. That's acceptable for a couple gallons of drinking water a day, but would be very wasteful and expensive in a whole-house system.

You have to be specific to answer properly. Where do you live (how is your water) and what treatment/filtration are you considering.

Lots of folks on well water have hard water, bad tasting, etc... Other may have lead, or other pollutants.

The truth of the matter is you should get your water tested at an independant lab. Based on the results, you can tailor a system to your needs, if any.

Check whether your water has been treated with chlorine or chloramines, which are more common these days.

We have one :3 well 2 kinds of water filters, technically, but one is the big kind of water treatment thing im imagining you're referring to.

But that's because we get water from our own well, so if we didn't have water filtration systems our water would actually just be brown and taste of iron ¯⁠\⁠_⁠(⁠ツ⁠)⁠_⁠/⁠¯

If you are just worried about microplastics and chemicals you probably don't need an expensive whole house system. You can buy a much cheaper system that you install to one faucet and use that faucet as your drinking/cooking water and not worry about treating the water that will be used to wash your clothes.

After college, I had a Brita pitcher. The filtered water tasted noticeably better than it did straight from the faucet. When I lived in another state, I connected a filter to my sink. That was even more of an improvement.

I don’t blame you for being cautious. There’s so much bullshit out there, and it seems like everyone is trying to sell you crap for as much money as possible. In my experience, though, water filters work well and are not a scam.

so like reverse osmossis?

What you need is very location specific! What I need in my current house is different from what I needed in my first house. You MUST start with a water test. You can buy a kit at any hardware store. However there is no need - in every city I've lived in there is a local company that sells treatment systems that does free water testing as part of their sales pitch. They usually know more about water than I do, and they are familiar with what works in your local area. So give a couple a call and get them to tell you what is in your water and what they recommend, then choose the best bid (not low big, best - that means you trust them to install correctly, and their test results show the system will help). I'm sure there are scams in water treatment, but in general I've found them honest people trying to make a living.

Your city water is 100% safe to drink in most cases. Chlorine and microplastics are things used to scare you into buying scams that probably don't even remove what they claim. Your local water treatment company won't talk about them.

Water treatment can improve taste. Just because the water is safe to drink doesn't mean it is pleasant. I drink RO water. (but I've almost always lived on a well. One house I had test results to show my water wasn't safe to drink without treatment, the rest of the places water was safe but not tasty!)

Every house I've lived in have benefited from a water softer. The water is safe, but soap works much better without the hardness. My current house is about 7 grains of hardness, which means things work okay without. My first house had 31 grains, the soap didn't work unless you used a lot and then didn't rinse off, but it was still safe. I have relatives who live where the water is naturally soft.

I had an iron filter in one house because there was so much iron. However there is no iron in the water in my current house so there is no need for that.

Again, start with a real water test. If you don't know what is in your water you don't know how to treat it.

Get tests from your water company. Mine sends me yearly tests they do of the water (yes, how truthful are they, whos to know, but I think its a legal requirement to tell you how much aresenic content there is). Ours tests great and our water tatstes great right out of the tap. I would like a softener though for some stuff.

No, unless you live somewhere where tap water isn't drinkable there is no need for those.

(UK) I know lots of people with either whole house water softeners, or a filtered tap for drinking water in the kitchen.

That's mostly for limescale and water taste due to hard water though.

A good reverse osmosis filter system is cheap (maybe $400-500 with installation and extra filters for a fancy system), and can improve even the best municipal water sources.

I have heard of some using calcium removal devices for their pipes, called Ion-Exchange Water Softeners

They use beads with an electrical charge, in an attempt to reduce calcium in the water. Meaning less buildup(cleaning) in the shower etc

But you gotta replace these beads every few months or whatever. Its also quite expensive.

Reducing the calcium if you drink it, can affect the taste a bit. Not sure how much or if its good/bad

As for regular “filters” im unsure they do anything.

And dont get anything that talks about water ph levels.. that is bullshit