You Should Know

~~2 and 3~~ 1 and 2 are indistinguishable if you don't take political alignment into account. What counts as a line or a column in real life? You need to group/sort people by something in order to draw any of those lines.

Edit: somehow I missed the actual numbers in the image and counted them starting from the sample, so when I said 2 and 3 I was thinking of 1 and 2.

the fascists aren't attempting 3, they've already been doing it for decades. now they just want to do even more, because it's open fascism season so why be coy about it.

I'll caveat this by saying that I detest gerrymandering and think it's one of the roots of the decline of the US political systems.

That being said, I'm going to answer a question you might not have even asked with a bunch of information that doesn't answer things better than "it's complicated."

The easiest "fair" way to divide up districts is based on equal polygons (say squares that are XX miles/km on an edge, for simplicity's sake). The issue is that this doesn't take into account population gradients due to terrain and zoning, or cultural/ethnic clusters. So, on its face it looks reasonable but you'll end up with districts that cover a city with 1 million people of diverse cultural makeup standing equal with a district of 1000 people that are culturally/ethnically homogenous. Not actually fair.

So, you can try to draw irregular shapes and the next "fair" way to try and do that is to equalize population. Now you quickly devolve into a ton of questions about HOW to draw the districts to be inclusive and representative of the people in the overall area you're trying to subdivide.

Imagine a fictional city with a cultural cluster (Chinatown in many American cities for example), a river, a wealthy area, a low income area, and industrial/commercial areas with large land mass and low resident populations.

How do you fairly draw those lines? You don't want to disenfranchise an ethnic minority by subdividing them into several districts, you might have wealthier living on the river, you might have residents with business oriented interests in the industrial areas AND low income... It quickly becomes a mess.

A "fair" districting can look gerrymandered if you're trying to enfranchise separate voting blocs in proportion to their actual population.

The problem is that politicians play this song and dance where they claim they're trying to be fair (until recently in Texas where GOP said the quiet part out loud and just said they want to redraw lines to get more seats) but in reality they are setting up districts that subdivide minority blocs into several districts that disenfranchise their voting interests.

It's disgusting, it's a clown show. But none of OPs photos are representative of what a good district looks like, because every location is different and there's likely an incredibly small number of locations that would divide that cleanly, if any.

So, it's complicated. Needs to be independently managed outside politics as best as possible and staffed by smart people and backed up by good data.

Fun fact, the term for running a nation like a corporation is fascism.