A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.
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I'm old enough to consider the framing of the question to be weirdly loaded.
It does not feel that long ago where people would be asked to justify entrusting their product's functions and data to a bunch of strangers who can make unilateral decisions about your service with zero comeback. Now we're being asked to justify not doing that.
Thank you for your comment. The use of similar statements is a common practice in survey research, as it helps to capture various dimensions of a construct more reliably and provides a clearer understanding of individual perspectives.
Regarding your concern, the purpose of this study is not to ask anyone to justify or defend their choices, whether it’s about using third-party services or self-hosting. Instead, we aim to identify the factors that influence such decisions, from a scientific standpoint, to better understand the motivations behind them. The goal is not to judge whether one choice is better than another, but to gain insights into the different considerations that shape people’s decisions when it comes to managing their data and services. Thank you again for taking the time to complete the survey.
Sure, I'm just bemoaning the fact that you've taken cloud hosting to be the default. It's as much a complaint about the world in general as anything specific to you. Good luck with it all.
Totally understand your concern, and you're right, the assumption of cloud as a default can be frustrating in many ways.
That said, this framing partly reflects the state of the academic literature: in the past 10–15 years, cloud adoption (especially SaaS) has been extensively studied, to the point where it often feels "default" in research too. In contrast, self-hosting has been far less explored, which is exactly why we're doing this study—to help fill that gap and highlight its relevance, especially in academic contexts.
Thanks again for your thoughts and for the good wishes! :)
I was kind of surprised by my answers when I stopped to reflect. I realized I:
Anyway, I hope the results are useful! I don't know if you've done it already, but it would be interesting to compare results from different sources, like Lemmy vs Reddit or wherever you posted it.
Yeah, those data questions are really loaded. I don't host for privacy or what not. It's because of a learning objective, to study, experiment, and run automated stock trading algorithms. I don't exactly have anything to hide from private companies.
Thank you for your comment. The use of similar statements is a common practice in this type of research, as it helps to better capture different aspects of a construct and ensures reliability. I understand that privacy may not be your personal motivation for self-hosting, and that’s perfectly fine. The purpose of this survey is to explore a variety of factors that can influence why individuals choose to self-host, and to determine the relative importance of each. Even if certain factors don’t apply to you, your responses contribute to a broader understanding of the motivations behind self-hosting. Thank you again for taking the time to complete the survey.
Done. Nobody else wants to know why I have 3 RasPi’s running stuff around the house, so I get to tell you in the survey, lol.
I want to know 👉👈
The thing I don't get about these self-host apps is why so many of them exist when the thing they do would be better to implement as a run of the mill offline program.
I just want to auto-import recipes from websites into a cookbook app without any fuss. We do not need to bring a server into this equation!
When making an application instead of coding for one platform you have to code for 5 and also convince Apple and Google to accept your app (Nextcloud is really feeling this one).
Meanwhile HTML + JavaScript works on most smart fridges.
Have you thought about contacting Louis Rossmann? He created an extensive video guide on how to self host using FOSS. Perhaps he'd be willing to highlight your survey to his over 2 million subscribers.
That's a good idea, and maybe even Henry from Techlore.
I had a hard time answering these because my opinion on cloud service depends on the cloud. (Google vs nextcloud for instance)
Done.
I feel that it may be helpful to try to capture the motivation for each type of service.
For example. The reasons I host a media server are different than the reasons I host a photo backup solution.
Thank you for doing this research. I dream of the day that self hosting becomes as easy as spinning up a consumer router.
I self host for the same reason I'm not clicking some random link: distrust lol
um.si is for University of Maribor in Maribor, Slovenia. It looks legit.
Filled in the survey. A few notes:
There are also scenarios where I have already found something that's the best solution for my case, so I won't even bother looking at something new, even if it might be the best thing since sliced bread for someone else.
TIme and effort setting up/maintaining (4 questions). It doesn't take much time nor effort to set anything up now, but it did when I was starting out initially. I knew very little and a bunch of concepts hadn't clicked, yet, so it took me days to set up Nextcloud and about half a year (on and off. Probably a week or so if it were all squeezed together) for email.
The performance and intent to use in the future questions are weird - they feel like the same question, just leveling off in intensity. I've selected the same answer for all of them. They probably should've been a single question with agree/disagree options swapped for intensity levels.
Good luck with your PhD!
If I have a file, I have it.
If google has my file, they say they have it. I'm told it's there. For how long? I dunno. Private? Hell no. Forever? Likely not.
This small discrepancy is the entire drive behind me selfhosting.
I'm a minimalist with selfhosting, a raspberrypi with a vpn connection, syncthing and a samba share is all most anyone really need-needs.
Done. Are you going to be sharing the results here? That would be cool.
Thank you very much – I really appreciate your participation! Yes, the results will be published as part of my PhD dissertation, and also in one of the peer-reviewed journals in the field of Computer Science. Once everything is finalized and publicly available, I’ll definitely share a summary and a link to the publication here as well. Thanks again for your interest and support!
Awesome. I'm very curious about your findings. Looking forward to it.
I submitted a response but if i may give some feedback, the second portion brings up:
I am willing to pay a substantial amount for hardware required for self-hosting.
This seemed out of place because there were no other value related questions (iirc). Such as:
I'm sure you could also think of more. But i think it's pretty important because between cloud service providers and any non-free apps you want to use, it can be quite costly compared to the cost of some hardware and time it takes to set things up.
The rest of my responses don't change but if you're wanting to understand the impact of money in all of this, i think some more questions are needed
Best of luck!
I believe self hosting saves me money in the short term
i believe self hosting saves me money in the long run
I can add to the voices here that have this as one big consideration. With some second-hand hardware, it's very cheap to set up almost unlimited cloud space for personal use.
Because I dont need to pay rent for my files and I don't have to worry about AI and VCs trying invade my privacy.
Good Luck Luka!
I feel like I'm a minority in this group in that I really don't like self hosting but I do it anyways because it gives me the things I want from a content/privacy/control/ownership perspective.
This survey doesn't distinguish between levels of cloud service provider, so I was a little confused.
Virtual private servers, cloud virtual servers (like AWS), cloud-based software where you provide code or a program and the cloud system runs it on a server of its choosing, and cloud-based systems where someone else provides the software (like Google Docs).
Shouldn't the control questions / variations of the same be a bit scattered? For me they were all packed together.
Hmm. The first section about cloud service providers is a bit weird to me. There are providers which "keep my best interests in mind" as part of their business model, backblaze would be one. Their whole idea is to provide a good backup services. Encrypting my data before transit also doesn't make me worried that it will be accessed by them or any of their employees because they will only get some garbled mess.
Compare that to google, another cloud service provider. Their business model is to make money by selling me ads (foremost), they do that by gathering as much data as possible. Here all my answers would be negative.
This puts me in an awkward spot where I nearly every time answer with "Neither agree nor disagree", because there is more to it and not because I don't have an opinion.
@SelfhostedResearch Done. But I found the survey design redundant and repetitive. Could demotivate people to complete ;(
Done but I felt lots of questions to be very similar. Maybe there is a form platform that can show only a subset of control questions for every survey.
Thank you for completing the survey and for your thoughtful feedback. The similarity between some questions is intentional and follows common scientific practice when measuring complex or abstract concepts. Using multiple, slightly varied items that target the same construct increases the reliability and validity of the data by capturing subtle nuances and reducing the influence of random response variation. While your suggestion to show only a subset of such items through adaptive platforms is valid and worth exploring, fixed item sets are generally preferred in research settings to ensure consistent and robust measurement. We appreciate your input and will consider it in future survey design improvements.
To be honest, if 3-4 questions in a row had same-ish wording, I just replied the same thing 3-4 times.
As designed. It proves you actually read the question.
Submitted.
I am in finance/accounting/consulting and I run one self hosted small server at home to manage my home machines remotely and use it with combo of proton to do most things.
While I am in the process of de-googleing I haven't self hosted photo or email yet as proton has been working okay for the time being. One step at a time I guess for me... I am not in IT so it requires time for me to read up on things and set them up (rtfm indeed)....(yes we all know what proton CEO said.... )...let's see how it pans out.and this has been quite a journey for me. I am still having issues with family and friends not wanting to use jitsi (that I am using for calls or contact me on signal). I have basically thrown WhatsApp and anything I don't care about within beeper under a work profile (android) I.e. in a sandbox / appimage (laptop).
Personally if next cloud allowed self hosting with self email hosting (whatever the technical terminology is) that would have been (chef's kiss) muah....I would have jumped on it first hand...
Sorry I am not in IT so my jargon usage might be sub par.
Honestly, email is the one thing I wouldn't self host, it's just so much hastle getting it set up right and can be incredibly difficult to have emails you send not end up in spam. Just not worth the hastle imo.
Thanks, much appreciated!
I'm a little concerned about selection bias (because obviously).
I also want to know about people who are not aware of self-hosting. If they'd be interested or even try.
That’s a very valid concern, and you’re absolutely right to bring it up.
One existing study that surveyed the general population found that about 8.4% of respondents were self-hosting users, which means that in order to get enough self-hosters from the general population for meaningful analysis, we’d need a very large sample.
Unfortunately, we don’t have the funding or resources to conduct such large-scale research through a representative panel or agency. That’s why this study is focusing on communities where self-hosting is already discussed, like this one.
That said, we’re definitely aware of this limitation, and we’re also sharing the survey in broader, more general-interest online communities where we expect non-self-hosters (or people unfamiliar with the concept) to be more present. This will allow us to include comparisons between the two groups in the analysis.
Really appreciate your thoughtful comment — thanks!
People who influence my behavior think that I should use cloud services.
This question is going to get bad data. No one likes to think of themselves as being influenced. A more effective phrasing would be "...people I trust..."
Thanks for the comment — that’s a valid observation, and I understand how the wording might feel a bit awkward.
Just to clarify: the statement comes from a standardized construct called Subjective Norms, and follows the phrasing from the paper "A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model" by Venkatesh & Davis (2000).
For all independent variables in the survey, we relied on validated scales and established practices from prior scientific research, to ensure consistency and reliability. That said, I really appreciate your feedback. :)