I debated abortion in school a couple decades ago. I would consider that a human right but I had to debate the opposite at the time.

It's worse because you aren't debating human rights, you are debating what human is.

Comes up in politics or ethics discussions a lot. Or at least it used to when I was in school. Things like gay rights, women's rights, right to die, etc etc

because the entire field of philosophy is based on questioning existing systems, and existing beliefs, this is why things like nihilism and anti natalism exist.

The only way to keep learning is to keep asking questions. The more questions you ask, the more deeply you can delve. Simple as.

It's easy to say everyone should have human rights. But what if one person goes against anothers human rights? What is a just punishment?

And that's before even getting into what rights people should have. You can very easily have everyone be theoretically equal while still effectively disadvantaging some people (and getting rid of that entirely is not even possible, we can just minimize it). There's a lot to debate.

What I don't get is why there would ever be a debate about excluding some people from human rights without them first violating others'. The only argument for that is "if we oppress this group, this other group will have better lives". Which is often true, sure, but that's just being a selfish asshole.

Not a topic settled globally, yet!

Star Trek, one day we hope