Science Memes
Welcome to c/science_memes @ Mander.xyz!
A place for majestic STEMLORD peacocking, as well as memes about the realities of working in a lab.
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If you are here asking: "Is this a science meme?"
Probably, yes. We use the Dawkins definition of meme: a replicating idea, not just an image macro with a fact on it. A good post here doesn't need to teach you something. It needs to make you ask something: who, what, where, when, and especially why or how.
Science isn't a filing cabinet of facts, it's a conversation. For example, a photo of an eel or other localized wildlife counts because most people never see one, and wonder is the first step of inquiry. A car meme counts if it makes you curious about what's under the bonnet. If you want to talk about something you noticed in the world, chances are someone else wants to talk about it too.
We moderate for vibe, not category. Pruning is light, especially where a post creates interesting discussion. Experimenting is encouraged.
See the pinned paper on Shitposting as Public Pedagogy if you want the academic case for why this works.
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So, the reason the ratio changes in fossils is that they get underground and are shielded from radiation? But then we can only tell how long has it been sitting underground?
I don't think the burial matters. It's not random atoms that are turned into C14. It's specifically nitrogen. And I think those interactions mainly happen in the upper atmosphere with cosmic rays. So it's the atmosphere providing the shielding.
The Wikipedia page for this explains it pretty well, especially the Physical and Chemical Details section.
Thank you for the clarification
Carbon-14 dating only works back to about 50,000 years, most fossils are older than that and they use radiometric dating.
(Not a scientist, I'm sure my wording will make experts cringe, but I think my gist is good)
Fossils are basically rocks that form around hard things like bones. They look at radioactive elements in the rock and figure out how much has decayed and they know when the rock was formed.
Uranium lead dating is one of the most used methods. In it, they look at zircon crystals and measure the amount of uranium and lead. Uranium decays into lead, so that tells them how long the decay has been happening.
That always seemed sketchy to me, how do they know it didn't just have a bunch of lead in it to start with? Then I learned something...
When zircon forms, lead can't bind with it and it gets pushed out of the zircon. Uranium doesn't get pushed out, so there are small pockets of uranium in fresh zircon and no lead. A million years later, we just look at how much lead and uranium there is and get a very good idea at when it was formed.