The idea to make this popped in my mind, when I did an experiment using one of these a while ago.
Bonus: .xcf file
this post was submitted on 04 Mar 2026
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The (effective) low-pass is only applied after the signals have been multiplied. This filters out the signal with the same frequency (and phase) as the reference. I have a more detailed comment on how this works in response to another person here in this comment section. This is useful for applications, where the signal can be drowned out by the noise, but you know what to look for, and where the phase information is important. (e. g. a DC signal that is chopped at a selected frequency or an AM-signal).