The use of the word "explode" is misleading. It's definitely misinformation.

Here's an arborist talking about it, but basically:

Trees move sap and other liquids up and down their trunk from the soil underneath regularly. For trees like maples, this is where maple syrup comes from, except you have to collect a lot of sap and reduce it down to syrup.

The arborist claims that these liquids present in the tree when the temperature swings faster than the tree can respond expand due to freezing, which buckles tree trunks causing the outer bark to crack open and separate. The cracks can be from the ground up, or they can look like gashes in the side of the tree. There's moisture in the soil too, which can shift tree roots and cause similar cracking.

People say "explode" because there's usually a popping sound when this happens.

In other contexts, people call this frost upheave. Engineers know about this phenomenon, and try to bury equipment like pipes and cable and conduit below the frost line so frost upheave doesn't crack and break that stuff. With trees, this frost upheave just takes place inside the trees themselves.