Not at all, but due to the chart it "doesn't matter". We don't actually need to relate the temperature of the oven to the temperature of the house. Sure they're both temperatures of a volume of air, but they're not related temperatures. One is essentially just an abstract number you set an oven to without thinking about it. 350 for "cold", 400 for "medium", 425 for "hot", and the rest are whatever the box or recipe says.
I remember one day being like "wait, if 212 is boiling in American, what temperature is 350?" and being surprised that ovens get way less hot than I intuitively thought they did, but it didn't really matter, because it's just a number on the oven and nothing else.
Or, like, yeah I know my height in feet and inches, but given that I don't typically measure distances by laying down and using myself as a guide, it doesn't really matter that this isn't how I'd measure a room. Or I know my weight in pounds, but that doesn't help me weigh butter.
I'm not justifying it, I think it would be better if we switched more fully, but it's not as detrimental as you might think. Most people don't use the temperature of their pool, their own weight, and the length of a sheet of paper in the same formula very often.





Sorta, but despite what some governments have decided, corporations typically aren't people. Most companies don't want to accumulate savings, the way humans do. Profit is cool, for sure, but companies don't save up for retirement, or go on vacations, or have kids. So some buffer to survive a less profitable year, or a costly watermain break or something, is prudent but that's where it might end.
Anything more than that, and maybe you hire some new staff, in which case that expense to you becomes income for your new employee, which they pay income tax on. Or you buy more merchandise, which the government may collect sales tax on. Or you may expand your office, and the government collects tax from the construction company and property tax on the new unit. Or you may offer a bonus to your existing employees, which is again income tax for them. Or you could issue dividends to shareholders, which they're taxed on when they receive them.
So the logic is that the things a company spends its money on are taxed in different ways, and the corporate income tax is basically the catch-all for "and then the rest of the money you didn't spend some other way"
Now, do we lowly humans typically get double-dipped when we have our income taxed, but then after that also sales tax when we buy stuff? Yes. Yes we do...