Society has made it no longer safe, desirable, or even useful to have children anymore.
Focus on reducing deaths during pregnancy and during childbirth. The fact that any woman could die during childbirth in the 21st century is an absolute travesty. The fact that women are more likely to be killed by their partners during a pregnancy than during any other point is a shame that all societies should feel.
Focus on ensuring that a woman can afford to feed, clothe, house, and educate her children, especially in the event that something happens to the father (death, war, being a jackass). Motherhood is a full-time job that has no pay and no PTO, and somehow we are expected to do manage a household and a full-time job on top of all that? If governments want more babies born, they need to make it feasible to do. If men want more babies to be born, they also must take up the responsibilities of managing a household so that the onus is not 100% on just the mother.
Focus on affordable childcare so women don’t have to choose between having a child and having a career, because if we have to make a choice…well, the birth rates speak for themselves.
Or! How about we prepare for a society with fewer people overall?!
The fact is for the first time in human history women have the ability to choose men, marriage, and children rather than having these things forced upon them, and we are opting out entirely. All the incentives in the world will not make me see purpose in bringing a child into this hellscape. A pregnancy puts me at risk of death. Childbirth puts me at risk of death. Men somehow get to just leave their families and start over, but if things get hard women have to figure it out with the burden of a child/ren on top of it. Miss me with all that!
I will carry on in my career, sit in my house that I bought on my own, and live my life full of experiences and hobbies and extended family and friends that I would not be able to have if I were saddled with a child.