Sounds like it only works on mice. But maybe they can give mice the nasal spray and then put the mice in your nostrils so that the mice can protect your immune system while the vaccine protects theirs. Best of both worlds really.
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Sounds like it only works on mice.
it's only been tried in mice. Not the same thing.
But how do you know the mice won't ratatouille you?
I'm protected from colds and the mice pilot my body to do my job? Massive win-win
This sounds like one of those things that are too good to be true. Shield this thing from RFK jr. He'll try and destroy it because he's crazy.
It is not actually a vaccine. It just puts your immune system in high alert.
If this was beneficial on the long run, evolution would have reached this point long ago and kept the immune system on this level on its own. The simple fact that it does not tells me that there are probably disadvantages that outweight the benefits.
My guess is that this stuff also raises autoimmune issues and allergies.
that's not how evolution works
Evolution tests many paths and takes the one that benefits the species in the long run. Simply by the better equipped producing more viable offspring.
An immune system on permanent alert probably makes autoimmune problems worse, and may exhaust all kinds of resources. Both would have to be balanced with the benefit of not having a runny nose.
Yes, the disadvantage of the immune system on high alert is allergies
and chronic inflammation, i believe?
This is massively over hyped. If they chronically activate immunity signaling pathways, eventually receptors will shut down and even natural immunity will be inactive. Stanford loves to hype a mouse experiment.
I believe you are mistaken, as there is a demonstrated reduction in allergic asthma. Please read the paper, it's fascinating!
It's the same effect as taking allergen injections to reduce the allergic response. This is not vaccine, it is an immune activator.
Can you define for me the difference in your thinking between vaccine and immune activator?
Universal flu vaccines also work on mice. And these are generally tested on naive mice. Having a history of multiple infections/vaccinations, as adult humans do, changes the picture quite alot.
in mice
Seems a reasonable place to start. Where would you suggest preliminary research be done, if not in mice, then where?
99% of developments in mouse models go nowhere in humans. It starts with labs only using inbred strains, often only one sex.
What are you suggesting? do you see this "99%" as ruling out things that would not be useful in human medicine? To be frank it appears from my perspective that you are saying things about the murine model in comparison with humans, without any actual evidence to back up your assertions. Opinions offered without evidence may be dismissed without evidence, or so the saying goes. Do you want to elaborate? I'm pretty sure everyone would agree that mice and humans are not the same species.
In support of the Murine Model, I will offer this: The Mighty Mouse: The Impact of Rodents on Advances in Biomedical Research https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3987984/
"Based on a report from the Tufts Center in 2001, it is estimated that of 5,000–10,000 compounds that enter the development pipeline, 250 will make it to preclinical trials and of those, only five will move into human clinical trials. Of those five, on average, only one will actually make it to market. "
Your numbers are off, according to this, it's more like 1/5,000-10,000 or 0.0002 to 0.0001. Regardless I'm curious what you are suggesting? Organoids? Yep, they are being used and it's likely they will continue to improve.
If you don't wish to elaborate, that's ok with me. I'll just assume your assertions are baseless, and move on. Have a great day!
mice are not that different from humans, biologically
That's 100% wrong. Mouse immunity is much more basic than humans, metabolism is completely different, and aging.
Link above is only to the abstract, with an additional link to figures and tables:
Abstract Traditional vaccines target specific pathogens, limiting their scope against diverse respiratory threats. We describe an intranasal liposomal formulation combining toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and 7/8 ligands with a model antigen, ovalbumin, that provided broad, durable protection in mice for at least 3 months against infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the vaccine protected mice from other viruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS, SCH014 coronavirus), bacteria (Acinetobacter baumannii), and allergens. Protection was mediated by persistent ovalbumin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells that imprinted alveolar macrophages (AMs), enhancing antigen presentation and antiviral immunity. Following infection, vaccinated mice mounted rapid pathogen-specific T cell and antibody responses and formed ectopic lymphoid structures in the lung. These results reveal a class of “universal vaccines” against diverse respiratory 🩹
The cool thing about this is the stimulation of CD4 & CD8+ memory cells imprinting alveolar (the alveoli of the lungs) macrophages, a type of Tissue Resident Macrophage (TRMs) that will then hang out in that location, where the invaders first appeared, waiting for them to return. Whereupon they will alert the immune system that "those guys" are back, you know what to do. I heard the process explained this way:
TRMs are like that cowboy seemingly snoozing away, at the Old Saloon. Then when "those infectious guys" that had infected one before, and markers for them are imprinted on the TRMs show up, suddenly the guy snoozing away 'wakes up', saying "I remember YOU!" and alerts The Posse (Immune System) that it's time to take action. The version I heard on TWIV was a bit cuter, but I edited this for clarity.
But how does this make dust mite allergy better and not worse?
The same way allergen injections can reduce an allergic response. It's one type of antibody and focusing a response will remove the antibody from circulation and allergy elsewhere.
But this is just mice, any claims on human allergy is bullshit.
Yeah, an overly heightened immune system is how you get allergies and auto-immune diseases.
I'm working on getting (ok, it's just arrived, and I need to head off to class) and digesting the paper. I suspect that this is because of the more effective application/regulation of macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ cells, such that they aren't over responsive. To keep with the metaphor above, the TRMs are in a dormant state, waiting to be activated, but in this case the activation is much more specific, so it's not going 'off the rails' for every Hombre with a Black Hat, but rather every Hombre with a Black Hat, leather hat band, and a white feather, sort of. I've not read beyond the Abstract.
so it's not going 'off the rails' for every Hombre with a Black Hat, but rather every Hombre with a Black Hat, leather hat band, and a white feather, sort of. I've not read beyond the Abstract.
So each season it would be tuned to "what was in fashion" for the expected coming cold/flu season?
That sounds awesome.
Spray up the nose for a chance to miss the worst bug of he season? I would take those odds. (And yes, I'm aware of and partake of the bargain that is existing annual flu shot, haha.)
Such a vaccine would be an incredible and life if not society changing medical advancement if it is in fact safe and effective. Such incredibly soughtafter medical breakthroughs of course require an equally incredible amount of skepticism and rechecking of data when one does come across them. Here's hoping this is a major stepping stone to universal vaccination, because that would be incredible
Well. Medical journalism is full of supposed incredible breakthroughs in fighting cancer. Most were not true. But the sum of gradual progress is indeed incredible, if one thinks about it.
Wasn't that the universal "vaccine" that puts your own body's immune system on alert? I still think that it's probably a bad idea to permanently have the immune system on alert, otherwise that'd have been a significant evolutionary advantage and become dominant. The fact that it isn't tells me that there is a downside to always having your immune system on alert.
The fact that it isn’t tells me that there is a downside to always having your immune system on alert.
you know, it could just be that it consumes more energy and in nature, that's expensive.
Yeah, it might be not that simple, and frankly I don't understand how a vaccine would help against allergies as the researchers claim. Is this too good to be true?
Is this too good to be true?
This forum in a nutshell.
Duh.
Hopefully they can update the firmware OTA as needed (super big /s)
Sort of it IS OTA, as it's a nasal spray onto the nasal mucosa, and not an injection. Putting the vaccine onto the nasal mucosa, where it is expected to 'see' the infectious agent is a clever part of this research. Putting a vax into the patient's deltoid muscle is a bit of a distance from the nasal mucosa.