I had 4 pneumothoraxes when I was 14-15, 3 on my left, 1 on my right. After the one on my right (#4) the surgeon recommended a pleurodesis to permanently fix my left lung to my chest wall. Basically they rough up the skin between your chest and lung, then fuse them together with talc.

Recovery was excruciating, the first 3 days were the worst with a drainage tube stuck out the back of my chest, and once I got home it was weeks of taking it very easy, slowly expanding my lung capacity.

That was 15 years ago, since then I’ve had no pneumothorax requiring surgery (had a couple of minor ones on my right that rectified themselves), and it hasn’t stopped me from working out, both cardio and strength training. It has definitely reduced my lung capacity and I did have to go to a physio to relearn to breathe from my diaphragm, I’ll never be an athlete, but I wasn’t going to be one before my lungs collapsed in the first place. It also means scuba diving and anything with big pressure differentials on my body are out of the question, but that wasn’t something I was interested in to begin with. Overall, I’m still able to do the things I want to, I’m slightly aware of my reduced lung capacity when I think about it, and I have to work harder on my cardio to achieve a similar result to others, but do not regret it.

If your doctor is recommending it, and if these are regularly occurring, particularly with no obvious cause, I would take it. Two in a year is a lot lower than what I had, and the surgeon only offered the pleurodesis once the right side collapsed as that significantly increased my chances of both happening at the same time. Not sure what the medical advice is these days but in my case they were adamant about not doing it unless it posed a serious risk of both collapsing or if the air volumes were large - from memory my first was over 1L, subsequent were always smaller. Maybe ask what the risks of NOT having the surgery are, or what risk threshold(s) you’ve crossed that are driving the decision to have surgery now, rather than after another.