Elizabeth Anscombe coined the term "consequentialism" and was one of the most influential moral theorists in the history of the world.
Simone Weil wrote a lot of interesting socialist theory.
Martha Nussbaum (and her student Christine Korsgaard) have done tons of great work on both Ancient philosophy and moral/political philosophy.
Mary Wollstonecraft's work on feminism and equality was foundational to our modern understanding.
Nancy Cartwright was one of the best philosophers of science of the 20th century, period. A Dappled World is just brilliant.
Judith Thompson was a towering moral philosopher who wrote probably the most influential piece on abortion rights ever
Heather Douglas is one of my favorite living philosophers of science, and has some brilliant things to say about the relationship between science and society/values
Wendy Parker has some of the best recent work on the foundations of climate science around

There are so many. That's all just contemporary people.

[–] ComradeTolva@hexbear.net 15 points 4 days ago (1 children)

I like Bart Simpson too but I wouldn't call his voice actor a "philosopher" :p

[–] Philosoraptor@hexbear.net 8 points 4 days ago

Oh man, I never even thought of that. That is weird.