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Cute Russian comic. The home of the official English version is here if anyone wants to skip ahead (or support them): https://boosty.to/gabiconomics-en
The marginal propensity to consume(MPC) is the metric quantified as ratio of consumtion spending and income.
As an example - if you spend 9 coins with a salary of 10, your MPC = 0.9. It becomes impossible to accumulate any large amount of savings, and because of this you're often forced to overpay. Coupled with mortgage, for example, we get the current household market: with high MPC It's near impossible to save up for an apartment costing 8 millions, which leads you to overpay a total of 27 millions to the bank over the next 25 years.
His father was a mine supervisor (which they literally call king) so I'd argue he was from a more managerial and therefore petty bourgeoisie background. Also since we're talking about context, we should probably address the inherent idealist nature of Discworld in the form of a physical meta element Narrativium which renders material analysis kind of obsolete since Carrot suffers from what is essentially Royal Lysenkoism.
Wow, that's true. Things in discworld always happen because of what kind of story they make. Like a burning wheel always rolling away from any accident. I used to like that about discworld, because it nicely parodies all those tropes. But you're right it can be problematic, if it's used to inform political takes. And that is absolutely happening in the watch and nightwatch books: people are just inherently like this, they need a strong hand governing them, machiavellianism is the lesser evil, revolutionaries are misled and dangerous, revolutions need to be managed and railroaded into save tracks, slow little reform is the best you can hope for. It's plain socdem idealism.
Edit: Also, if an aristocrat displays basic human decency and a willingness to get their hands dirty, they are somehow a saint for this and excused from all the exploitation they still do through "passive" income. But that's just Terry Pratchett being British.