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Japanese has no uppercase/lowercase. Italics (oblique type) is generally unused as a standard. Bolding can be used but uncommon in most writing. Underlining is commonly used for emphasis. Quotation marks are sometimes used to emphasize in the way "air quotes" would be. It's rather antiquated but dots or Japanese commas above or beside (in vertical writing) can be used where italics might be used in English.
Sans-serif and serif have their equivalents in CJK langauges - in Japanese they are called Gothic and Mincho type respectively. With Gothic every line maintains the same width. Mincho uses the traditional standard where line widths vary according to each stroke, the rules are derived from how it was written by brush. Calligraphic writing takes this to an extreme and is more of an art-form on special paper, depending on your intent you can follow the traditional rules or be a bit more creative.
As far as I know, while Japanese has no upper and lower case letters, the three/four alphabets Kanji, Hiragana, Katagana, and Romanji get mixed in a way one could see as similar. Denoting different kinds of words or grammatical aspects of a sentence.