Climate

Your guess is wrong. Standard American electrical service is 220v. Our transformers are center tapped so if you measure from neutral to either of the two hots, you get 110v, and across both hots is 220v. Standard outlets are wired for 110, things like stoves, dryers, water heaters and HVAC units are wired for 220. I could go out and buy an induction range this afternoon and it would slot right in where my glass top electric range is.

Why have Americans been slow to move away from gas stoves or to induction stoves? Well...

1. Natural gas has remained very cheap in the United States. The United States has tremendous domestic natural gas reserves, so the pressure to move to other cooking fuels hasn't really existed here like it did elsewhere.
2. Earlier electric ranges, the ones with exposed coils, were legitimately inferior. They're harder to do much other than boil water on because of how slow they are to heat and cool. They're still seen as downmarket landlord specials today. Ceramic cooktop electrics were trendy for awhile.
3. Early induction stoves were quite expensive, to the point of being gimmicky.
4. Induction cooktops diddn't work with the majority of popular American cookware. From the 60's to the 90's, trendy cookware such as Corningware ceramic, Pyrex borosilicate glass, Calphalon aluminum, Revereware copper jacketed stainless, and solid copper don't work with induction stoves. In the 21st century, most pans made have been built with induction in mind, so your typical household now doesn't have to replace their cookware along with their stove.

None of that supports your America Bad narrative so you won't pay attention to it though.

Almost every American home has 240V coming in, with 2 hot wires with 120V AC exactly 180° out of phase with each other, and a neutral wire that's supposed to be roughly ground voltage. The standard is to split the 240V into 120V for each circuit at the actual breaker panel, by feeding each normal circuit in the house one hot and one neutral wire. But setting up a particular circuit for 240V service is trivial by using both hot wires.

And the actual distribution grid itself, before it hits the transformer that steps it down to 240V right before actual customer meters, is going to be much, much higher voltage in any country. Higher voltage means less line loss, so power lines use high voltage. That part doesn't differ significantly between countries.