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It feels like you're asking what value is. Value is a sentiment that depends on many factors but it eventually decomposes to some utility factor. You could argue that water is not valuable because it is abundant but that depends on context. In the desert it becomes extremely valuable for people to live. It's difficult to make a numerical assessment of value and measurement implies a level of precision and universality that is inappropriate. We estimate value based on contextual factors such as supply and demand. It's not a great way to assess it but better than nothing.
I'm always pleased when I buy stone construction materials because they deliver 1000kg of material and it only costs £20. I don't know of any other material that is seemingly so abundant, inexpensive and useful. I'm not convinced I would feel the same way about a tonne of gold, aside from the scarcity. Maybe I would make a gold toilet and get x amount of fame on social media, that's apparently extremely valuable.
Good perspective. I like the concept of marginal utility and scarcity.
I need to hammer a nail, I get one hammer, I hammer the nail successfully. The hammer was very valuable to me.
I get another hammer, it's not nearly as valuable as the first hammer unless my first hammer breaks.
I give the hammer to someone else who needs to hammer a nail, they hammer the nail successfully. The hammer was very valuable to them.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_utility
I didn't know it had a name but marginal utility sounds like the concept behind the early form of eBay, before it became a corporation. You can still find people giving stuff away on there but that sort of exchange has now moved to places like Freegle, Freecycle and Facebook Marketplace, to a lesser extent. What people value has always been a mystery to me, I would be horrible in business. Most of my decisions are pretty much utilitarian, aside from food and drugs. I am happy in a junk yard, salvaging materials and components, that stuff feels under utilised and valuable to me.