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Can we get lucky just this once and this new ocean circulation cancels out global warming?
Nope.
I had to look up that last part, as it seemed counter-intuitive, but apparently deep ocean water bottoms out at 4 degrees C.
4° is as dense as water gets. After that it starts expanding as it turns into ice. Which is how ice floats. It's one of those miracles of nature. If ice sank things would be very different.
Can you expand on that or ELI5?
As water starts to freeze the molecules start to rearrange thrmselves from a free flowing random motion into a crystal lattice. As it does this the molecules push each other a little further apart and lock into place, but because they are further apart they now take up more 'space' and as such they are less dense. The water wround them now has more water molecules for the same volume that the ice does and that means the water sinks (as its heavier) and ice rises.
To really ELI5: Imagine water is like a crowd of people balanced on a REALLY giant see-saw, everybody is really squished together and when they get cold they decide to put their arms out wide and grab hands with the people around them, but making small circles with the other people also grabbing hands until there is a big group of people made of little rings of people arms out holding hands. Now imagine that the people with their arms out have to spead out and some fall off the edge of the see-saw. Now there are less people on one side of the see-saw and because the other side is heavier, that side drops and the people with their arms out rises.
If the crystalline structure of water did not expand from it's liquid phase (thus lowering it's density) when it freezes, then ice would not float. Ice would sink trapping everything below it. It's theorized that this little fact means life likely couldn't exist if ice didn't behave this way.
Right, but I still wouldn't call water that is 4 degrees C as warm. How is deep water warm?
I'm not going to claim to fully understand the nuances, but the sea ice will melt at about -2C and glacial melt will deposit ~1C water into the system. If the deep water is steady at 3C or 4C, sending it up could accelerate melting of both.
Thank you... I'm an idiot and wasn't thinking about the Southern Ocean as in 'The' Southern Ocean... instead I was thinking about it in terms of the oceans in the south (as in, not necessarily glacial). But yes, now I get it and understand. It probably would have helped if I had opened the link to start with.
That was my physics teacher.
"So materials shrink as they get colder."
"Ma'am, doesn't ice expand?"
"We don't talk about that."
Ice doesn't expand. Ice as a solid shrinks when getting colder. H2O expands during phase transformation from liquid to solid.