this post was submitted on 11 Jun 2025
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Programming
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Also the difference between TS and JS doesn't make sense at first glance. π€·ββοΈ I guess I need to read the research.
My first thought is perhaps the TS is not targeting ESNext so they're getting hit with polyfills or something
It does, the "compiler" adds a bunch of extra garbage for extra safety that really does have an impact.
I thought the idea of TS is that it strongly types everything so that the JS interpreter doesn't waste all of its time trying to figure out the best way to store a variable in RAM.
TS is compiled to JS, so the JS interpreter isn't privy to the type information. TS is basically a robust static analysis tool
The code is ultimately ran in a JS interpreter. AFAIK TS transpiles into JS, there's no TS specific interpreter. But such a huge difference is unexpected to me.
Its really not, have you noticed how an enum is transpiled? you end up with a function... a lot of other things follow the same pattern.
Nope, have not noticed because I hate JavaScript with a passion. Thanks for educating me.
Just FYI the example that person gave would absolutely not explain a huge performance difference. I don't think they understand what they're looking at.
fair enough :D but it does happen and there are reasons for that: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47363996/why-does-an-enum-transpile-into-a-function
Thanks! I hate JavaScript even more now π
Only if you choose a lower language level as the target. Given these results I suspect the researchers had it output JS for something like ES5, meaning a bunch of polyfills for old browsers that they didn't include in the JS-native implementation..
Not really, because this stuff also happens: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20278095/enums-in-typescript-what-is-the-javascript-code-doing a function call always has an inpact.
Yeah sure, you found the one notorious TypeScript feature that actually emits code, but a) this feature is recommended against and not used much to my knowledge and, more importantly, b) you cannot tell me that you genuinely believe the use of TypeScript enums β which generate extra function calls for a very limited number of operations β will 5x the energy consumption of the entire program.
This isn't true, there are other features that "emit code", that includes: namespaces, decorators and some cases even async / await (when targeting ES5 or ES6).
Care to elaborate?
Here's a good example: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47363996/why-does-an-enum-transpile-into-a-function
That is not a good example. That is an immediate function call happening once when the program starts and certainly does not have a large impact like you are suggesting.
I guess we can take the overhead of rust considering all the advantages. Go however... can't even.
Even Haskell is higher on the list than Go, which surprises me a lot
But Go has go faster stripes in the logo! Google wouldn't make false advertising, would they?
Now we just need a language with flames in the logq
For Lua I think it's just for the interpreted version, I've heard that LuaJIT is amazingly fast (comparable to C++ code), and that's what for example LΓΆve (game engine) uses, and probably many other projects as well.
Looking at the Energy/Time ratios (lower is better) on page 15 is also interesting, it gives an idea of how "power hungry per CPU cycle" each language might be. Python's very high
I would be interested in how things like MATLAB and octave compare to R and python. But I guess it doesn't matter as much because the relative time of those being run in a data analysis or research context is probably relatively low compared to production code.
Is there a lot of computation-intensive code being written in pure Python? My impression was that the numpy/pandas/polars etc kind of stuff was powered by languages like fortran, rust and c++.
The popular well crafted ones are, but not all are well crafted.
WASM would be interesting as well, because lots of stuff can be compiled to it to run on the web
Indeed, here's an example - my climate-system model web-app, written in scala running (mainly) in wasm
(note: that was compiled with scala-js 1.17, they say latest 1.19 does wasm faster, I didn't yet compare).
[ Edit: note wasm variant only works with most recent browsers, maybe with experimental options set - if not try without ?wasm ]
I have no clue what I am looking at but it is absolutely mesmerizing.
Oh, it's designed for a big desktop screen, although it just happens to work on mobile devices too - their compute power is enough, but to understand the interactions of complex systems, we need space.
Every time I get surprised by the efficiency of Lisp! I guess they mean Common Lisp there, not Clojure or any modern dialect.
Yeah every time I see this chart I think "unless it's performance critical, realtime, or embedded, why would I use anything else?" It's very flexible, a joy to use, amazing interactive shell(s). Paren navigation is awesome. The build/tooling is not the best, but it is manageable.
That said, OCaml is nice too.
For Haskell to land that low on the list tells me they either couldn't find a good Haskell programmer and/or weren't using GHC.
Wonder what they used for the JS state since it's dependent on the runtime.