This is where city planning comes in.

As city gvt gives out permits to build high rises, they need to build the other infra around it.

Also, said rich developer cunts want to maximize their profit. People will pay more to be near where they need to be, be that public transport stops or schools, so they're already incentivized to build where there's good infra. As they start building more where there's no infra, the city will develop infra there.

The high-density buildings attract more people, which increases the tax base of the city, so there's more budget for infra.

If looking at American examples, look at NYC vs... Any big city in the south or mid-west, I guess? Idk, I'm not American. NYC is one of the very few cities in the US with actual good public transport. There's plenty of schools and hospitals too.