Echoing others that you should think twice about visiting the US... with its current fascist presidency, anything unusual with documents is more likely to result in ample questioning and possible detention at the border.
If you are really trying to get into the US and then come back to Canada, you'll want to urgently reach out to the US consulate that the visa and passport are lost in the mail, so you would need a temporary entry permit/documents. Especially if you still have your Canada-issued student visa, visit your home country's consulate to see if they can issue a temporary passport. It would still be good to call Global Affairs Canada to ask given the documents lost and what you have, which documents you need to return to Canada. Then go to Service Canada to get those documents as quickly as possible. More likely than not you will have to delay that trip even if you managed to apply for every document necessary.