Linux

it's time we nibbled the casing and come to terms with bite the bullet, it's just a bad metaphor.

From what I can see, the GNU Compiler Collection supports this flag, so you can still build it with 100% free software.

Basically, it's just behavior that doesn't align with the C standard, but was introduced by MS. Then, GCC added a compiler flag which makes it behave like that, so that you can build code that requires that behavior.

It doesn't seem to actually be dependent on MS, rather it's named after them because it emulates the way their compiler works. I hope no Linux maintainers would entertain the idea of making it dependent on a non-free compiler.

Once in a while, it turns out that enabling -fms-extensions could allow some slightly prettier code. But every time it has come up, the code that had to be used instead has been deemed "not too awful" and not worth introducing another compiler flag for.

That's probably true for each individual case, but then it's somewhat of a chicken/egg situation.

If we just "bite the bullet" as Linus says and enable it once and for all, it is available whenever a use case turns up, and no individual case has to justify it.

A lore.kernel.org search provides these examples:

• https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/200706301813.58435.agruen@suse.de/
• https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20180419152817.GD25406@bombadil.infradead.org/
• https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/170622208395.21664.2510213291504081000@noble.neil.brown.name/
• https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/87h6475w9q.fsf@prevas.dk/
• https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjeZwww6Zswn6F_iZTpUihTSNKYppLqj36iQDDhfntuEw@mail.gmail.com/

Undoubtedly, there are more places in the code where this could also be used but where -fms-extensions just didn't come up in any discussion.

Basically the extensions are useful sometimes. Note that they have nothing to do with Microsoft other than being invented by them.

The "extend" phase of EEE.

I'm sitting around doing IT shit waiting things to download/backup/install/etc and have nothing better to do, so here's an AI-free explanation with code samples:

It's basically just a code style thing. Standard C allows you to declare unnamed structs/unions within other structs/unions. They must be unnamed, so it'd look like this:

struct test {
        int a;
        struct {
                char b;
                float c;
        };
        double d;
};

Which is fine, but the -fms-extensions flag enables you to do the same thing with named structs. For example:

struct test {
        int a;
        struct test2 {
                char b;
                float c;
        };
        double d;
};

without -fms-extensions, the above will compile, but won't do what you might assume. b and c will be members of struct test2, not test. So something like this won't compile:

struct test my_test;
my_test.b = 1; // error: ‘struct test’ has no member named ‘b’

But with the flag, not only does it work, it also lets you do some convenient things like this:

struct test2 {
        char b;
        float c;
};
struct test {
        int a;
        struct test2;
        double d;
};
//...
struct test my_test;
my_test.b = 1; //OK

That is, you can reuse an existing struct definition, which gives you a nice little tool to organize your code.

Source: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Unnamed-Fields.html

Some software require it sadly

Old languages should be able to learn new tricks.