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How easily can Lemmy be censored?
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Unfortunately, China's firewall is a extremely robust technology. It is much more than just a DNS sink hole.
For example, it can block IP addresses (probably dynamically), like digital ocean or AWS. It can even block internet protocols, like TLS1.3 https://www.zdnet.com/article/china-is-now-blocking-all-encrypted-https-traffic-using-tls-1-3-and-esni/ . It can even block tor, a inernet protocol designed for anonymity and prevent censorship https://www.technologyreview.com/2012/04/04/186902/how-china-blocks-the-tor-anonymity-network/
It is truely disheartenng to see talented engineers working on this piece of oppressive technology. I imagine if they want to, it would be rather trivial to block most activitypub instance.
Yeah I mean, deep packet inspection at that scale is certainly an impressive feat. But that doesn't change the fact that it's a game of whack-a-mole. Tor entry relays get detected? Tor devs change the handshake or use purified to reach the entry nodes: https://support.torproject.org/censorship/connecting-from-china/
A friend of mine was able to bypass the firewall there a few years ago using unlisted VPN endpoints he got from his VPN provider.
They can block most things for most uninformed users. But they'll never be able to make it impenetrable without cutting off access to the larger internet completely.