Machine learning is more than just "transformative use" and is not copying. Currently that is only like 98% true, because memorization does occur in a few cases. Like 0.8-2% and that number is probably less now 2 years later than that study. Ultimately once they fix the memorization issue and "purge" these memories and can no longer reproduce licensed code (which is mostly textbook examples and boilerplate code or very popular code) this will be true transformative learning.

Then they do not require any more permission to read and learn from a book or from code than a human would. As long as you own a book or have the right to read something, you're allowed to do whatever you want with the knowledge you gained.