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I think at this point I agree with the other commenter. If you're strapped for storage it's time to leave Synology behind, but it sounds more like it's time to separate your app server from your storage server.
I use proxmox, and it was my primary when I got started with the same thing. I recommend build out storage in proxmox directly, that will be for VM images and container volumes. Then utilize regular backups to your Synology box. That way you have hot storage for drives and running things, cold storage for backups.
Then, inside your vms and containers you can mount things like media and other items from your Synology.
For you, I would recommend proxmox, then on top of that a big VM for running docker containers. In that VM you have all of your mounts from Synology into that VM, like Jellyfin stuff, and you pass those mounts into docker.
If you ever find yourself needing to stretch beyond the one box, then you can think about kubernetes or something, but I think that would be a good jump for now.
Thanks, that's some of the info I'm needing to make the jump over. How's the learning curve? One of my big concerns is wrapping all of these things under Tailscale. It was easy on Synology, but Proxmox (I imagine) isn't as straightforward. Eventually, I'd like to switch to headscale, but one thing at a time
Just focus on one project at a time, break it out into small victories that you can celebrate. A project like this is going to be more than a single weekend. Just get proxmox up and running. Then a simple VM. Then a backup job. Don't try to get everything including tailscale working all at once. The learning curve is a bit more than you're probably used to, but if you take it slow and focus on those small steps you'll be fine.