This book from 1651 became one of the most influential works in political philosophy. Its insights and ideas have led to countless references and allusions in a wide range of following works.

One such concept is Hobbesian trap, that describes a scenario in which two groups or nations, driven by the fear of an imminent attack from the other, become locked in a dangerous cycle of mutual distrust. This sense of insecurity can lead to an arms race and a predisposition towards preemptive strikes, escalating tensions and increasing the likelihood of conflict.

The solution to this trap is in the book title: one central authority, or Leviathan, that has monopoly on violence.

Book: Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, full text online