Wait, there's an option to host Overleaf locally? Is there any cost associated with this, or any restrictions on the number of users?

[Edit] Found some more info on this, there's a free community version, and then an enterprise version with a fee that lets you self-host but adds features like SSO and support from the company. I'll definitely have to look more into both of these options. Thanks, OP, for making me aware of this!

There's some tinkering with their docker-compose.yml to make it work. Here's mine you can copy if you want to get it up and running. I don't use nginx or any reverse-proxy btw. All data is saved in their own individual volumes which you can back up:

services:
    sharelatex:
        restart: always
        image: sharelatex/sharelatex
        depends_on:
            mongo:
                condition: service_healthy
            redis:
                condition: service_started
        ports:
            - *DESIRED_PORT*:80
        links:
            - mongo
            - redis
        stop_grace_period: 60s
        volumes:
            - data:/var/lib/sharelatex
            - texlive:/usr/local/texlive

        environment:
            SHARELATEX_APP_NAME: Overleaf Community Edition
            SHARELATEX_MONGO_URL: mongodb://mongo/sharelatex
            SHARELATEX_REDIS_HOST: redis
            REDIS_HOST: redis
            ENABLED_LINKED_FILE_TYPES: 'project_file,project_output_file'
            ENABLE_CONVERSIONS: 'true'
            EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_DISABLED: 'true'

    mongo:
        command: "--replSet overleaf"
        restart: always
        image: mongo:4.4
        expose:
            - 27017
        volumes:
            - mongo_data:/data/db
        healthcheck:
            test: echo 'db.stats().ok' | mongo localhost:27017/test --quiet
            interval: 10s
            timeout: 10s
            retries: 5

    redis:
        restart: always
        image: redis:6.2
        expose:
            - 6379
        volumes:
            - redis_data:/data

volumes:
  data:
  mongo_data:
  redis_data:
  texlive:

Some of my documents rely on certain packages which didn't come with the Docker image. You will need to run
docker exec sharelatex-sharelatex-1 tlmgr update --self;docker exec sharelatex-sharelatex-1 tlmgr install scheme-full
so that you can render your documents properly if they utilize certain packages.

Optionally—since the full scheme takes about 8 GB and you may not need everything—you can replace scheme-full with a different scheme you can find by running
docker exec sharelatex-sharelatex-1 tlmgr info schemes
The i before any scheme name means that it is already installed.

Update:
Included a texlive volume to save any packages that were installed, so when recreating the containers, they will persist.

Texstudio + git > Overleaf

Check out their quick start guide here, it looks very helpful to me: https://github.com/overleaf/toolkit/blob/master/doc/quick-start-guide.md

I would guess that you need to learn more about Docker usage in general, rather than just looking for a Docker Compose file (which is here, by the way). I'm kind of on a similar journey, and what I've learned so far is that you (usually) can't just copy and paste a Compose script and go. It helps a lot to understand the basics of what you're doing.

I found this video helpful, but others might have better suggestions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pg19Z8LL06w

Also, I'd like to point out that Overleaf's hosting and pricing options are quite reasonable, especially if you're working for a university or institution: https://www.overleaf.com/user/subscription/plans

Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I've seen in this thread:

3 acronyms in this thread; the most compressed thread commented on today has 9 acronyms.

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