Maybe it's a good idea to listen to someone who publishes papers on this very subject, and is a professor of both philosophy and psychiatry and directs an Institute for Cognitive Science. That person is Dr. Chandra Sripada and his insights are fascinating.

Sean Carroll (interviewer, scientist and science communicator) says this interview made him lean towards the answer being "yes, they think like humans" whereas previously he favored the opposite view.

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[–] sunsofold@lemmy.zip 1 points 1 day ago

You can look at a pair of meshed gears and understand it just as readily as you can understand a single transformation by running the math on paper with a pencil, but I don't think anyone will ever be able to comprehend the fullness of any useful-scale model for the same reason they would never comprehend a clockwork with the same number of gears as an LLM has transformers or indices. It's a non-intuitable space with too much complexity which cannot be simplified without oversimplifying.