Selfhosted
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I believe it is a good start with crowdsec but feels like it gives false protection. The blocking only happens after they have done a couple of attempts and not before.
How would it, or any software for that matter determine a given request is malicious before it does something malicious?
Yes, that is the hard part. But it can be done. Geoip blocking like only allow your country - blocking every China or Russian user etc. If you are selfhosting home and worry about your SSH access, then you can do a lot of things to block then early. It is all about authentication. Lets say you require VPN access in - example Wireguard. You could also do "port knocking" but that is not encrypted. You could require the user first has to be authenticated somewhere else, like require first Microsoft login and only then your ip is allowed.
My first baby step into self hosting (years before I realized self hosting was the answer) was pihole. I realized it got most of the ads and I was happy with that, years went by and I realized more ads were getting through, so I learnt about fine tuning my ad list and regex lists. A little while went by and I heard that the google was selling .zip tlds so I learnt a little more about regex, not because I was worried I would unleash something on my LAN but just incase someone else did.
Layers there are layers of things I needed to do to prevent the ads, and than layers of things I needed to do to prevent spam. So I knew there was going to be layers of things I would need to do to protect myself when I got a “real” home lab on the Wild Wild WAN. Home Labbing is like sex, sure it is fun but it can be dangerous if you do not protect yourself and there are layers of protection you should use.