I agree with your statements that the problems go beyond just Netanyahu but I would characterize the establishment of the current state as problematic than illigitmate

No, it was illigitmate since it was created by ethnically cleansing Palestinians

Then discourse then would be whether the Jewish people have a claim to the land, the same as Arabs

Jews who never left the land have claims to it. Europeens zionists thst without rhem Israel would not exists don't

I hate that the region is more or less established due to geopolitics, exploitation by the wealthy and political classes, and religious fervor than fairness than the right of a people to self-govern.

It is because the region is a key economical region for over a millennium for empires. Empires was using it to put pressure on other empires by denying access to ressources