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That's because "conservative" isn't an ideology, and it never has been. Conservativism has two core beliefs: "conservatives" refers to a specific group of people defined by common traits, and those are the good people. Each tranche of conservatives defines their own identity, and then they define whatever they want as "conservative values."
This German guy on the train probably is very conservative. He is not more progressive than an American conservative. He has simply defined his group of conservatives to include the people who benefit from universal healthcare. He sees the value to his own group, and so he supports it.
USA as a whole is much more conservative than most advanced democracy, thats why our govt is more right wing than most of EU, even if we have a DEM in power. thats why thiers no UBS, or healthcare universally, and LGBTQ+ AND POC rights are continually trampled on EVERYDAY. class warefare is also more severe here too.
They'd also be able to express how they believe an immigrant doesn't deserve healthcare. Either that they deserve the healthcare of their homecountry, or that they aren't a part of 'everyone', be that German, or otherwise.
Without any congitive dissonance.
Another take is that they believe in inherit hierarchy that must be conserved.
In this situation, being German is very high on the ladder, so even if they accept immigrants, they would only do so because there are plenty of foreigners that would be lower.
Itβs less about where you draw the exclusion line, and more about that their entire worldview is a pyramid in which only a few groups can have a good life if that is built on the shoulders of a larger, lower group.
This is why itβs not about healthcare, itβs about equality. Even if you convince them that everyone deserves healthcare, they would automatically believe that since they are in the top group, they have to get a better kind of healthcare.
This is also why they would never see someone that is fully integrated as true Germans, cause even within the top group, there is a structure.
And of course, their worse fear is being in the bottom group.
Sounds cruel but most people cut other people off. Otherwise there would already be global socialism. Why does the immigrant deserve healthcare but not their family at home? German migrant worker laws once granted that.
The question is how everybody can expand their cut off limit until we are ready to make the world nice for everybody.
This is actually a good demonstration of what I mean, yes.
Just by using the word immigrant a divide between 'everybody' is made and then people are free to start cutting each other off from healthcare, exactly as you put it. The cruelty is perfectly rationalized. Away, even.
Suddenly national borders and individual locale are valid opposition to a concept of healthcare for 'everybody'.
The tricky part comes when resources are limited. Should the old native receive treatment to live five more years or the young immigrant who can gain a full life?
Resources are only limited due to resource hoarding. The scarcity is artificial to ensure a working population.
The rich arent driving around to all the stores and buying up all the lawn mowers, they arent buying all the food at your local diner, what kind of hoarding are they doing?
They generally just hold stocks as far as I'm aware, which are then used as collateral and lower borrowing rates, leading to more production and someone else consuming that wealth.
They hoard the money, brother
The rich have the most debt, they benefit from the cantillon effect more than they hoard cash.
Which is government caused, and they are responding to incentives.
They borrow after they've hoarded the money
I really don't think this is an accurate description of what an average ageing conservative German is.
Conservative means what it means - people who want to conserve rather than change, and are comfortable with how things are and, in their opinion, have always been. It's a naΓ―ve world view based on a lacking understanding of how society changes. The people who hold it tend to be of privileged groups who can afford to be blind to injustice. That doesn't mean they are fans of it - their privilege has just left them with a blind spot, and when injustice is pointed out to them they tend to blame those showing it to them for creating it in the first place. Again, they are not brilliant people, but they're generally not evil, just a bit dumb.
When American self-proclaimed conservatives storm the Capitol building and make an active effort to fuck up their country as much as humanly possible they are not conservative in the same way some GΓΌnther riding the Deutsche Bahn is conservative. Similarly, I'm not a socialist in the same way Pol Pot was a socialist.
American fascists have intentionally stripped the word "conservative" of meaning, and if we accept their narrative we allow them to make us dumber.
I'm not saying CDU and CSU are brilliant parties, but the fundamental idea of German conservitivism is not the idea of "conservatives" as a select group of people for which society should work. If anything this is a description of populism.
I appreciate you taking the time to write all of this, but you're buying the bullshit. The question that you haven't answered is the crux of my point. "Conserve what?" And the answer is always the same, for every conservative, everywhere, since the first conservative: "Whatever I think is important." That's why they are constantly shifting their positions, why they seem hypocritical or paradoxical when they say one thing and do another. It's how they criticize their opposition for the same choices they make themselves. They rail against abortion and have abortions. They complain about immigration but demand freedom to travel where they like. They want low taxes for themselves, government spending on their preferred programs, and strict regulations that benefit their businesses.
It's not ideology, it's narcissism. And there are zero exceptions.
I've never met anyone who called themselves conservative who wasn't actually a radical extremist. They don't want to conserve, they want to destroy the current institutions and somehow "return" to a dreamt up idolised past that never existed.
I feel like this is a good attempt at a description of what conservatism is, but I'd like to share my own - conservatism is the natural political philosophy of people living in danger and scarcity.
Hence -
And of course, the conservative response is driven by belief, not reality. So if someone believes that the world is dangerous and their way of life is precarious, they will quickly adopt conservative attitudes. So it doesn't matter if you yourself are actually safe and your way of life is quite robust - if you get sucked into a fearmongering news cycle, you can become conservative.
Interesting thoughts. Though I'd be curious whether its just an ebb and flow of economic cycles that change peoples political leanings. Such as growing debts and a debt crisis from a progressive governments leading to the pendulum swinging right, and then a period of muted growth and feelings of inequality lead to the pendulum swinging left. Not counting modern republicans as conservatives here of course.
What happened in the 60s and 70s to turn a large number of "great society" voters towards Reaganomics?
I don't think things like debt actually make people more conservative. I think that effect has to flow from things which actually impact peoples lives - so if the government takes on too much debt, and then cuts public services to manage that debt, which makes people feel more economically precarious, then people will statistically become more conservative. But if the debt isn't impacting people directly, then it isn't increasing conservatism. Instead, existing conservatives are predisposed to care about increasing public debt and see it (rightly or wrongly) as a threat to their way of life. But if conservatives constantly talk on the internet about how increasing debt is going to collapse the government, then more neutral people might feel threatened, and will start adopting more conservative stances.
As for what caused the shift towards Reaganomics - I'm sure we could come up with a just-so story. But I don't know if I'm the one to do it
Or they dislike how things have changed. Like the Ron Paul types who think medical costs, housing bubbles, university prices, etc.. are due to government interference and control of the money supply. Theres a lot of believers in austrian economics as well, and they arent unsympathetic to the poor, they just believe the good things in society are due to technological progress and overwhelmingly more bad things due to government involvement.
Which isnt illogical or crazy, its very probable. Its also very probably we need more government intervention. In the end there are far too many variables to be definitive, and our economy isnt flexible enough to even change, as every tweak rewards one group and punishes another. Which I think is why we have bailouts after every recession, attempting to quell changes to the status quo and existing wealth distribution, which then leads to further moral hazard.
I'd also say many people think we can simply take money from the wealthy and distribute it with no side effects, without taking into account the velocity of money or interest rates. If you taxed the rich 90% and distributed it you'd obviously have massive inflation, rising interest rates, and people with a mortgage would default like they did during the Volcker shock. We arent on the gold standard, fiat moneys value is dynamic, the wealthy are only nominally wealthy given the current velocity of money.
One might argue it is about maintaining constants through change.
Most ideological conservatives that I know are well aware change is inevitable (and probably the most constant thing out there). What separates and divides them are what constants they seek to maintain, and some systems are categorically more damnable than others.
What happens when conservatives lose this constant, or are threatened to lose it, is when they become reactionaries or fascists respectively.
EDIT: I misread the comment above, which I completely agree with. I ended up writing a reply about the dangers of allowing the meaning of concepts to change along with dominant narratives. Not really relevant to the discussion, but keeping it below because why not.
I understand this argument from an American point of view - if I were conservative I certainly wouldn't brand myself as such if I were American.
I have two counterarguments. First, this is a form of surrender, where we accept that the word has lost its meaning and we no longer have the vocabulary to talk about conservativism in its original sense. Language is essential for thinking, and by destroying the language and the words we use to understand concepts the ruling classes can keep us from understanding them at all. Everything becomes meaningless. Fascists, conservatives, nazis, libertarians, libarals, centrists all become the same as concepts are blurred and lose their meaning to the point where we cannot think of anything any more. This type of rhetorical class warfare is common in the US - there has been active efforts to destroy any word associated with socialism for a hundred years now. I think we should insist on the meaning of words and their distinctions because we should insist on thinking. The two are, fundamentally, the same thing.
My second counterargument is that this guy on the train was German. Europe is not America, we don't want to import your stupid politics. We are better off on our own. Call this a conservative argument if you will.
Please understand my point was a deference towards a more precise and accurate definition of conservatism and an appeal to understanding the difference of when conservatism becomes reactionary or fascist.
It was kind of a corroboration of your point.
...which now I am unsure of since you are so readily disagreeable with it on grounds of American.
Ah, yeah, sorry, I didn't read your comment carefully enough. Misread it as being a point about constants through change in terms of understanding ideology, and that conservatives are becoming something new that they were not before. My bad! It has been a long day.
Totally agree with your point.
Conservatism is an ideology, and has been one since the time of the French Revolution.
Edmund Burke, the father of conservativism, was a narcissist who opposed the French Revolution, and Louis XVIII was a narcissist who crowned himself king and called the government he liked "conservative." They did not share an ideology. There was no consistency in either of their positions. They both simply declared the things they like to be conservative values.
But one could say that to basically every type of political direction or belief?
I mean there are basically jokes regarding this, about the left, such as: When three leftists meet, the will have four different opinions.
But I would argue, that this is not what the post is about.
No, you couldn't. Most political ideologies are built on fundamental principles and core values. When ideology is principled, it is consistent even when the believers are not direct beneficiaries of the policies.
Take freedom of speech. People who value free speech will defend it even when they don't like the speech they hear. That's a principled belief.
Conservatives will shift their principles when faced with a policy that does not benefit them. Conservatives demand abortions when they need them. Conservatives demand gun control when they feel threatened. Conservatives demand freedom to travel anywhere while closing their borders. They hire undocumented immigrants. They capture regulatory bodies to edge out the competition. There isn't a single conservative value that is consistent among conservatives and applied equally to others as well as themselves.
Yes he is. It doesn't matter how you explain it, the "conservative" here has beliefs considered further left than American conservatives. Can't dismiss that just because you can explain it some other way also.
I'm not dismissing him, I'm saying that conservativism isn't left or right. That's a false equivalency putting the conservative/progressive ideologies on a spectrum. That's not how conservativism works. There is no left or right, only selfish and principled. Do I want this? If yes, then it is a critical part of our culture and history and must be protected from all change at any cost. If the answer is no, then it is an abhorrent condition that must be stopped at any cost. Did I have a different opinion yesterday? Doesn't matter, because that was yesterday. Will I change my mind tomorrow? Doesn't matter, because if I do, then I'll have a really good reason.
It's because Germany has fewer "immigrants", so he thinks German people (everyone) should have healthcare. If there were more "immigrants" then he would say German people (as in German ethnicity only) should have healthcare. That's what he's saying about what his group is, well that's how I break down what his group is.