This might not be the place for this but I feel like someone here should know.
I moved into a new house recently and there's a whole security system, infrared scanners, alarms on all the doors and windows, glass break detectors everywhere. When we open a door or window there's a little chirp so something is working, but I'm curious if anyone knows if I can rewire this somehow or get a new panel so that I can actually set an alarm and stuff.
It might be possible to upgrade the system but you’ll probably need to find someone who knows these systems better. There used to be a cover on this panel where the buttons and speaker are; that might’ve given a make or model number, or maybe even had a sticker for the company that installed or monitored the system. This is the control panel but there might be a hub/brain somewhere else where all the wires lead, perhaps in a closet or utility room. You might find more information there.
The system sounds like it’s functional; in most jurisdictions the sellers should have provided you with the information necessary to use the system, like alarm codes and contacts for a monitoring service (if any). If you get a code that might be all you need to use the system (you should change the previous owner’s code).
It’s possible to use the alarm without a monitoring service, but I feel like they’re more useful with a service. If there is a monitoring service they would be able to have someone come check out the system and reset the codes for you, show you how to use the system. Is there a sign in front of your house with the name of an alarm company?
This looks like a system old enough that it would probably need an actual telephone line for monitoring and uses wired sensors. Wired sensors are probably a good thing. The sensors don’t need batteries and aren’t vulnerable to jamming like wireless sensors. They’re more expensive to install, though, especially in a finished home. Since yours is already installed, that’s a boon. Most current systems are probably designed for wireless but I’m sure there there are ways to use the hardwired system with more modern systems and get features like remote access.