In the United States there is federal corp tax taken from documented workers and paid to the national government (federal tax) by businesses. State tax is also taken the same way and paid to the state.

This just income tax, but there are many other forms of taxes. Vehicle tax, gas tax, food tax, clothing tax, restaurant tax, etc. These all go to the state and vary in amount depending on the state.
This is also why our prices don't include tax. So apple/amazon can show a single price and your state tax gets tacked on at checkout.

So this "undocumented Immigrants paid X in taxes" is them paying taxes on good but not income. Businesses can pay these people in cash under the table and not paying taxes or benefits for them.