Linux

This one is so generic it let's you get around any of that very easily.
You don't even need to interact with the filesystem, you can just change a cron script or system library and let some other process execute it. Or you can change /etc/passwd to give yourself access to a root user, which iirc is what this dirtyfrag vulnerability proof of concept did.

You can pretty much write to any file on the filesystem with one syscall (that is not a write syscall) and in a way that does not count as writing in any of the normal ways, so won't even trigger file change events etc.