this post was submitted on 03 Dec 2025
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Eh, that's a great question. My Irish used to be good enough that I'd be able to answer that but I'm not sure what the direct translation would be. There is a word that's very close to "no" which is "níl" (neel) but in general it's short for "níl mé" (neel may - I am not).
In the present tense there is "tá" (taw) which is essentially short for "tá mé" (taw may - I am) but for example the answer to the question "Were you?" is "Ní raimh mé" (nee r-ow may) which is "I was not" but it is contextual. The pronunciation of "raimh" also varies by each of the 4 provinces along with every other word which is confusing as fuck. Some would say "rev" for "raimh".
In general it's the positive or negative of the verb though - were you? I was. Did you? I did. Will you? I will. Did she? She did etc.
Someone with better Irish may be along to hopefully make a show of me.
edit: Google translate says "ciallaíonn ní nach bhfuil" is "no means no" but there is no way in hell any actual Irish speaker would say those words when the context is so simple.
"ní nach bhfuil" (nee noch will) is "no is not", kinda. ciallaíonn is "means" straight up though.
So the verb has a negative declension, or is it just some kind of conjunction that negates the verb?
Either way, that's kind of beautiful. English has a problem where one can ask a compound question, and replying "no" doesn't clarify a damn thing. This would be impossible in Irish, since you'd have to pick one or some combination of questions to reply to, as the verb-form is required.
It's so long since I used declension that I honestly can't remember it's use but you repeat the verb but in the positive or negative form and there are differences if that makes sense?
Like "Do you understand?" is "I understand" and "I do not understand" is a little different.
I'm teaching my youngest lad Irish and I'll regularly ask him "An dtuigeann tú" (on diggin too) and he'll respond with "tuigim" ("tig-im" - "I understand" (which is strictly a contraction)).
edit: The negative would be "Ní thuigim" which we would pronounce as "nee higim" (I do not understand) so there's a definite change in the word for the negative.
edit 2: The answers to "were you?" would be bhí mé "vee may" (I was) and Ní raimh mé "nee r-ow may" (I was not) so it is quite different to answer in the positive or negative.
This is a better response than I could have hoped for; consider my curiosity sated, and I am now fascinated. Thank you for sharing this.
You're very welcome :)