On the Giant Water Bug (bottom left) they aren't even mouthparts, those are it's first pair of legs.

The use of "urchin" to refer to children is separate from its original meaning.

Maybe it became that as a word for something underfoot?

You can see that the figure on the left has a ring on their right hand. The lady in red has the same ring.

Like the one of the busty lady in Ireland whose boobs look gold from people touching them. The name of the statue is escaping me, but maybe someone else will remember.

Molly Malone.

Basque is a language isolate and is thought to be unrelated to the Indo-European languages in this graphic.

They developed what might be the first cancer vaccine

If by "they" you mean Russia, that's not what your source says. It's a press release about Agenus (a US company) licensing their vaccine for production and sale in Russia.

they have entered into a license, development and manufacturing technology transfer agreement for Agenus' Oncophage® (HSPPC-96; vitespen) vaccine

I don’t think I’m responsible for other adults’ reactions to ~~my life choices or my lived experiences.~~ my suggesting that they or their spouses changing their surnames upon marriage implies some sort of ownership.

Hrrm, maybe have a think about it.

He's apparently no actual relation of Karl Marx, he's acknowledged that that story was made up (unless the article writer himself is lying).

https://talesoftimesforgotten.com/2020/06/12/is-karl-marxs-great-great-grandson-really-doing-parkour-in-london/

The name's that way because it's taking the existing Small Diameter Bomb (SDB, designed to be dropped from aircraft) and fitting it to a rocket so it can be launched from the ground instead.

Cool little Crab Spider, nice photo!

he posted it to YouTube two days before the game even came out

It's apparently a port of a game that came out in 2011, though?

Are you not required to have a joint life assurance policy as a condition of a mortgage in the US?